Fonts - the History and Basics

Fonts are a set of glyphs or images that representlight, regular, and bold. The regular font weight for
characters from some particular character set in amost typefaces is slightly lighter than medium. Many
particular size and typeface. The fonts term comescomputer fonts for Microsoft Office, Web and
from the Middle French fonte, from fondre (meaningcommon use come with a normal, regular and a bold
to melt or cast) which referred to type produced byweight. Font Weight relative order: thinultra lightextra
casting molten metal at a type foundry. Fonts inlightlightsemi lightbookregular, (roman), plain,
printing, sometimes called Fount, are a complete setnormalmediumdemi bold or semi boldboldextra
of type of any one size, with all the usual points andboldheavyblackextra blackultra Font Width
accents; a font consists of about 100,000 characters.compressed, condensed, narrowwide, extended Font
In computers, a computer font is an electronic dataFamilies There are a multitude of typefaces that
file which contains a set of glyphs, characters, orhave been created over the centuries and they are
symbols such as wingdings. Although the term fontcommonly categorized into font families according to
first referred to a set of metal type sorts in onetheir appearance. At the highest level, one can
style and size, since the 1990's most fonts are digitaldifferentiate between blackletter, serif, sans serif,
and used for computers or computer devices.and decorative fonts.
Ascender is a leading provider of advanced font1. Blackletter Fonts Blackletter fonts were the earliest
products specializing in type design, multilingual fontfonts used with the invention of the printing press.
development & licensing and softwareThey resemble the artistic handwritings of cloisters in
development for mobile phones. The Ascender teamthe Middle Ages and fall into three groups: Gothic
is renowned for its TrueType and OpenType fontfonts and Old English Text - Of all the blackletter
expertise, and can tune fonts and create customfonts, the Gothic ones most closely resemble the
fonts for on-screen legibility in Microsoft Windows asTextura calligraphy used with manual copying of
well as Digital TV fonts, Set Top Boxes, Mobilebooks. A Gothic typeface was thus also carved by
Phone fonts, Game Consoles fonts, EmbeddedJohannes Gutenberg when he printed his 42-line Bible,
Systems, Consumer Electronics and other devices.including a large number of ligatures and common
Font History and Font Formatsabbreviations. While in Germany, Gothic fonts were
There are different font formats - which one shouldquickly displaced, they remained in use in great
I choose?variance and are frequently also referred to as Old
OpenType fonts (.OTF) - OpenType is a scalableEnglish Text fonts.Schwabacher typefaces were
format for computer fonts that was initiallypredominant in Germany from about 1480 to 1530.
developed by MicrosoftTM, then later joined byMost importantly, all of the works of Martin Luther,
AdobeTM Systems. OpenType fonts were firstleading to the Protestant Reformation, as well as the
announced in 1996 and AdobeTM completedApocalypse of Albrect Durer (1498) were printed in
conversion of its entire font library to OpenTypethis typeface. It was probably initially used by
around the end of 2002. In 2005, there were aroundJohannes Bamler, a printer from Augsburg, in 1472.
10,000 fonts available in OpenType font format, withThe origins of the font name are unclear; some
Adobe's font library making up under a third of theassume that the font was designed by a typeface
total. As of 2006, every major font foundry andcarver from the village of Schwabach who worked
many minor ones were developing fonts inexternally and was thus referred to as the
OpenType font format.Schwabacher.Most commonly known among the
TrueType fonts (TT or .TTF) - TrueType is a digitalblackletter fonts as those of the Fraktur font family,
font technology that was designed bywhich stated when Emperor Maximilian I (1493 - 1519)
AppleTMComputer, and is now used by both Appleestablished a series of books and had a new
(MacTM) and Microsoft (PC) in their operatingtypeface created specifically for this purpose. Fraktur
systems. Microsoft has distributed millions of qualityfaces were widely used in Germany until the end of
TrueType fonts in thousands of different styles.World War II.
TrueType fonts offer the highest possible quality on2. Serif Fonts Serif fonts are divided into four font
computer screens, printers, and include a wide rangegroups: Renaissance - this font type has a slight
of features which make them very easy to use.difference in thickness within each font. This font
PostScript Fonts(Type 1) - PostScript fonts predatescategory includes the GaramondTMand
TrueType by about six years. First, there were manyPalatinoTMfont families.Baroque - this font type has a
different font formats for digital fonts, none of whichthickness within each font with greater variety. This
were standardized. Then Apple adopted Adobe'sfont category includes the BaskervilleTMand Times
PostScript page description language (PDL) for itsNew RomanTM font families.Classicist - the most
Apple LaserWriter printer in 1985. This, combined withvariance of thickness with each font. This font
the introduction of desktop publishing software,category includes the BodoniTMand Century
sparked a revolution in page layout technology.SchoolbookTM font families.Modern fonts - these
ClearType Fonts(found on AscenderFonts.com) -fonts are designed mainly for decorative purposes.
Microsoft ClearType fonts are an unprecedentedThis font category includes the RockwellTMand
innovation in font display technology that dramaticallyAmasisTM font families.
improves font display resolution and marks a genuine3. Sans Serif Fonts Sans Serif fonts first appeared to
breakthrough in screen readability.These Microsoftbe the "Egyptian" font released in 1816 by William
fonts were designed by Microsoft and leading typeCaslons' foundry in England. The Sans Serif fonts are
designers and font technologists to improve thecommonly used for display applications such as
reading experience in Windows VistaTMand Microsoftsignage, headings and other applications where the
Office 2007TM.With ClearType font technology, thefont is needed to stand out and continuous reading is
fonts on your computer screen look almost as sharpnot a requirement. Sans Serif fonts are divided into
and clear as those printed on a piece of paper.four font groups: Grotesque - This font category
The choice of font format is mostly based on theincludes the GrotesqueTMor Royal Gothic
kind of documents you create and your computerfonts.Neo-grotesques - This font category includes
environment. Here are some general guidelines:the Standard, ArialTMand UniversTM fonts.Humanist -
OpenType TT OpenType TT fonts containThis font category includes the Gill SansTMor
TrueType® outlines, and have a .TTF fileFrutigerTM fonts.Geometric - This font category
extension. This is the default font format of bothincludes the FuturaTMor SpartanTM fonts. Other
Macintosh and Windows systems. OpenType fontscommon Sans Serif fonts include: LucidaTM,
with TrueType outlines are popular among homeTahomaTMand VerdanaTMfonts.
users and both small and large businesses or otherHow to Download fonts
enterprises. OpenType PS OpenType PS fontsmakes is easy for you to download the font. For
contain PostScript® outlines, and have a .OTF fileevery item that you purchase there will be a
extension. OpenType PS fonts are replacing Type 1download link on the order confirmation page.
fonts as users upgrade their systems. Type 1Additionally, the receipt that is automatically emailed
PostScript Type 1 is the original font format that wasto you will also have the links. For more information,
part of the desktop publishing revolution that startedplease view our Font Help page section on "How to
in 1985. Type 1 fonts for PostScript and PostScriptDownload Fonts" How to Install fonts provides font
compatible printers consist of more than one file anddownloads in two forms: Automatic Installer for
have a limited character set. These limitations areWindows Manual install for Windows/Macintosh/Linux
overcome with OpenType fonts.Other For more information, please view our Font
Font CharacteristicsInstallation page under Font Help. All trademarks are
Font Weightproperty of their respective owners. Please view our
There are three basic categories of font weights:Trademarks page for more information.